用Xcode来写C++程序[5] 函数的重载与模板

此节包括函数重载,隐式函数重载,函数模板,带参数函数模板

函数的重载

#include 
    
     using namespace std;int operate (int a, int b) {    return (a * b);}double operate (double a, double b) {    return (a / b);}int main (){    int x    = 5;    int y    = 2;    double n = 5.0 ;    double m = 2.0;        cout << operate (x,y) << '\n';    cout << operate (n,m) << '\n';        return 0;}
    

102.5Program ended with exit code: 0

函数模板

#include 
    
     using namespace std;// 模板template 
     
      T sum (T a, T b) {    T result;    result = a + b;    return result;}int main () {    // 值初始化    int i    = 5;    int j    = 6;    int k    = 0;    double f = 2.0, g = 0.5, h;        // 使用模板函数    k = sum
      
       (i, j);    h = sum
       
        (f, g);        // 打印输出    cout << k << '\n';    cout << h << '\n';        return 0;}
       
      
     
    

302.5Program ended with exit code: 0

模板自动匹配

#include 
    
     using namespace std;template 
     
      bool are_equal (T a, U b) {    return (a == b);}int main () {        // 自动模板识别    if (are_equal(10,10.0))        cout << "x and y are equal\n";    else        cout << "x and y are not equal\n";    return 0;}
     
    

x and y are equalProgram ended with exit code: 0

带参数的模板

#include 
    
     using namespace std;template 
     
      T fixed_multiply (T val) {    return val * N;}int main() {    std::cout << fixed_multiply
      
       (10) << '\n';    std::cout << fixed_multiply
       
        (10) << '\n';}
       
      
     
    

2030Program ended with exit code: 0